SOCIAL TOLERANCE: RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

Abstract

The article analyzes the Russian and foreign experience of studying the problem of tolerance. Attention is focused on the linguistic features of the essence of the concept of "tolerance". The authors structured the works of domestic and foreign researchers, proceeding from the following directions of the study of social tolerance: tolerance as a worldview and a specific form of social relations, features of tolerant and intolerant behavior, the formation of tolerant behavior. The philosophical, normative and legal prerequisites for the development of modern concepts of tolerance are analyzed. Functions, spheres, and types of tolerance are considered. The authors draw attention to the need to implement an interdisciplinary approach to the study of social tolerance, which assumes the coordinated application of modern methods of sociology and social psychology. This approach will allow to explore interethnic tolerance at the level of social groups and individuals, identifying factors that cause the formation of tolerant consciousness and tolerant behavior. The authors consider social tolerance as a social value that prevents the development of social conflicts at the level of social groups and individuals. The results of studies of tolerance in the youth environment of the Orel region, Toliatti, ethnic stereotypes of Bulgarian youth, interethnic and inter-confessional relations are analyzed.