миграция молодежи,
факторы миграции,
неоинституциональные теории миграции,
структурные теории миграции,
«социальные сети» миграции,
культура миграции,
«цифровые кочевники»,
междисциплинарный подход к изучению миграции
Abstract
The aim of the article is to identify the most popular theoretical approaches currently used to study migration processes and affecting the target audience aged 15 to 24. The author has structured: neo-institutional (including the theory of the new economy of labor migration and the “push theory”), structural, interdisciplinary (including transculturalism, the theory of the “life course” and the theory of social networks) approaches, as well as relatively new promising areas presented in the form of concepts (migration of “digital nomads”). The results of the study. The advantages and limitations of various explanatory models interpreting the factors and patterns of youth migration development are outlined. The most common methodological approaches to the study of targeted movements of the young population are classified. The article systematizes the factors that can be used to classify foreign studies of youth migration depending on the subject of study and methodological approach. The necessity of developing an integrated approach is substantiated, which can take into account both economic and socio-political factors contributing to youth migration, and also allows assessing the effects of an increase/decrease in the migration flow in these areas. It is concluded that it is important to predict the main trends of youth migration in the current situation of increasing international conflict. It is proposed to use machine learning and agent-based modeling methods to predict migration scenarios for the considered population category. The development of an integrated approach aimed at identifying the interrelationships between variables significant for youth migration at the micro, meso, and macro levels is noted as the most promising area of research. The results of the work can be used to supplement ideas about the patterns of youth migration development, as well as to improve the system of monitoring migration processes among young people in the study of youth migration in Russian political science.
